1.
What is the total number of valence electrons in a carbon atom in the ground state?
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2.
Which substance is a product of a fermentation reaction?
| A. | glucose
| | | | C. | ethanol
| | B. | zymase
| | | | D. | water |
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3.
Which general formula represents the compound CH3CH2CCH?
| A. | CnHn | | B. | CnH2n | | C. | CnH2n-2 | | D. | CnH2n+2 |
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4.
Which structural formula is incorrect?
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5.
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of elements containing the element
| A. | carbon
| | | | C. | nitrogen
| | B. | hydrogen
| | | | D. | oxygen |
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6.
Which two compounds have the same molecular formula but different chemical and physical properties?
| A. | CH3CH2Cl and CH3CH2Br | | B. | CH3CHCH2 and CH3CH2CH3 | | C. | CH3CHO and CH3COCH3 | | D. | CH3CH2OH and CH3OCH3 |
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7.
Given the balanced equation representing a reaction:
CH3CH2CH3 + Br2 → CH3CH2CH2Br + HBr
This organic reaction is best classified as
| A. | an addition reaction | | B. | an esterification reaction | | C. | a polymerization reaction | | D. | a substitution reaction |
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8.
What is the IUPAC name of the organic compound that has the formula shown below?
| A. | 1,1-dimethylbutane | | | | C. | hexane | | B. | 2-methylpentane | | | | D. | 4-methylpentane |
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9.
What is the IUPAC name for the compound that has the condensed structural formula CH3CH2CH2CHO?
| A. | butanal | | | | C. | propanal | | B. | butanol | | | | D. | propanol |
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10.
Which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
| A. | CH2CHCl | | B. | CH3CH2Cl | | C. | CH3CH2CH3 | | D. | CH3CHCH2 |
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11.
Given the incomplete equation representing an organic addition reaction:
X(g) + Cl2(g) → XCl2(g)
Which compound could be represented by X?
| A. | CH4 | | B. | C2H4 | | C. | C3H8 | | D. | C4H10 |
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12.
Which structural formula represents an alcohol?
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13.
Which formula represents a saturated hydrocarbon?
| A. | C2H2
| | B. | C2H4
| | C. | C3H4
| | D. | C3H8 |
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14.
Which compound is an alcohol?
| A. | propanal
| | | | C. | butane
| | B. | ethyne
| | | | D. | methanol |
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15.
Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
| A. | CH2CH2 | | B. | CH3CH3 | | C. | CH3CHO | | D. | CH3CH2OH |
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16.
Which compound is an isomer of C4H9OH?
| A. | C3H7CH3
| | B. | C2H5OC2H5
| | C. | C2H5COOC2H5
| | D. | CH3COOH |
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17.
Figure 1
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Which is an adequate description of the compounds shown in the diagram?
| A. | They are isotopes of butanol.
| | B. | They are isomers of butanol.
| | C. | They are alkanes.
| | D. | They are alkenes. |
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18.
If a hydrocarbon molecule contains a triple bond, its IUPAC name ends in
| A. | "ane"
| | | | C. | "one"
| | B. | "ene"
| | | | D. | "yne" |
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19.
Which structural formula represents a molecule of butane?
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20.
What is the maximum number of covalent bonds that can be formed by one carbon
atom?
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21.
The reaction CH2CH2 + H2 → CH3CH3 is an example of
| A. | substitution | | | | C. | esterification | | B. | addition | | | | D. | fermentation |
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22.
Base your answers to this question on the information below.
An unlit candle is secured to the bottom of a 200-milliliter glass beaker. Baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) is added around the base of the candle as shown below.
The candle is lit and dilute ethanoic acid is poured down the inside of the beaker. As the acid reacts with the baking soda, bubbles of CO2 gas form. After a few seconds, the air in the beaker is replaced by 0.20 liter of CO2 gas, causing the candle flame to go out. The density of CO2 gas is 1.8 grams per liter at room temperature. |
Figure 2
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Choose the correct structural formula for the acid that was poured into the beaker.
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23.
Given the structural formula:
What is the IUPAC name of this compound?
| A. | pentanal | | | | C. | methyl pentanoate | | B. | pentanol | | | | D. | pentanoic acid |
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24.
Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain
| A. | carbon, only | | B. | carbon and hydrogen, only | | C. | carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, only | | D. | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, only |
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25.
Which formula represents propyne?
| A. | C3H4 | | B. | C3H6 | | C. | C5H8 | | D. | C5H10 |
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26.
Which formula represents an alkene?
| A. | CH4
| | B. | C2H2
| | C. | C3H6
| | D. | C4H10 |
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27.
Which structural formula represents 2-pentyne?
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28.
Which organic reaction produces rubber and plastics?
| A. | polymerization
| | | | C. | saponification
| | B. | esterification
| | | | D. | fermentation |
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29.
Which general formula represents a ketone?
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30.
Figure 3
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Which is an isomer of the compound shown in the diagram?
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31.
Base your answer to the question on the information below.
Propane is a fuel that is sold in rigid, pressurized cylinders. Most of the propane in a cylinder is liquid, with gas in the space above the liquid level. When propane is released from the cylinder, the propane leaves the cylinder as a gas. Propane gas is used as a fuel by mixing it with oxygen in the air and igniting the mixture, as represented by the balanced equation below.
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O( ) + 2219.2 kJ
A small amount of methanethiol, which has a distinct odor, is added to the propane to help consumers detect a propane leak. In methanethiol, the odor is caused by the thiol functional group (-SH). Methanethiol, CH3SH, has a structure that is very similar to the structure of methanol. |
Figure 4
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What is the correct structural formula for a molecule of methanethiol?
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32.
Which is the structural formula of an aldehyde?
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33.
Which organic compound is unsaturated?
| A. | 2-methylbutane
| | | | C. | 2-hexanol
| | B. | 2-chloropropane
| | | | D. | 2-pentene |
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34.
Base your answer to the question on the properties of propanone.
Which structure below is the proper structural formula for propanone?
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35.
The reaction that joins thousands of small, identical molecules to form one very long molecule is called
| A. | esterification | | | | C. | polymerization | | B. | fermentation | | | | D. | substitution |
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36.
What is the IUPAC name of the compound with the following structural
formula?
| A. | propanone
| | | | C. | butanone
| | B. | propanal
| | | | D. | butanal |
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37.
Base your answer to the question on the information below.
Given the balanced equation for an organic reaction between butane and chlorine that takes place at 300.°C and 101.3 kilopascals:
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Figure 5
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Identify the type of organic reaction shown in the chemical equation.
| A. | addition | | | | C. | fermentation | | B. | saponification | | | | D. | substitution |
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38.
Which two compounds are monohydroxy alcohols?
| A. | ethylene glycol and ethanol
| | B. | ethylene glycol and glycerol
| | C. | methanol and ethanol
| | D. | methanol and glycerol |
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39.
Which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
| A. | C2H6
| | B. | C3H8
| | C. | C5H8
| | D. | C6H14 |
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40.
Figure 6
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How many different functional groups are there in the molecule shown in the diagram?
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41.
Which formula correctly represents the product of an addition reaction
between ethene and chlorine?
| A. | CH2Cl2
| | B. | CH3Cl
| | C. | C2H4Cl2
| | D. | C2H3Cl |
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42.
When butane burns in an excess of oxygen, the principal products are
| A. | CO2 and H2O
| | B. | CO2 and H2
| | C. | CO and H2O
| | D. | CO and H2 |
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43.
Which structural formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
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44.
Given the formula:  This compound is classified as
| A. | an aldehyde | | | | C. | an amine | | B. | an amide | | | | D. | a ketone |
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45.
Which compounds are isomers?
| A. | CH3OH and CH3CH2OH
| | B. | CH4 and CCl4
| | C. | CH3CH2CHO and CH3COCH3
| | D. | CH3CH2OH and CH3CH2COOH |
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46.
Reduction occurs at the cathode in
| A. | electrolytic cells, only | | B. | voltaic cells, only | | C. | both electrolytic cells and voltaic cells | | D. | neither electrolytic cells nor voltaic cells |
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47.
Which structural formula represents a member of the series of hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n-2?
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48.
Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
| A. | ethane
| | | | C. | ethyne
| | B. | ethene
| | | | D. | ethanol |
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49.
Which kind of bond is most common in organic compounds?
| A. | covalent
| | | | C. | hydrogen
| | B. | ionic
| | | | D. | electrovalent |
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50.
Figure 7
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Which organic product is formed in the reaction shown in the diagram?
| A. | bromoethane
| | | | C. | bromoethyne
| | B. | bromoethene
| | | | D. | bromobenzene |
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